Numbers Coach Identifies Opportunities for Improved Cash Flow for Environmental Engineers

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THE COMPANY

In 1996, Scott Pate launched Sierra Piedmont (“SPI”) with a vision to create a superior environmental consulting, site assessment, compliance, and remediation services firm. Since then, SPI has served a wide range of companies from Fortune 100 businesses to regional firms throughout the United States. SPI’s innovative solutions and advice have helped its clients solve their environmental issues.

SITUATION

Pate and SPI’s management team wanted to realize improved cash flow in their day-to-day operations. However, they were not clear on which financial metrics were truly driving the business and needed more meaningful insights beyond the Profit & Loss statement.

SOLUTION: The Numbers Navigator™

SPI hired the Numbers Coach to provide a comprehensive analysis of its financial operations.The Numbers Coach (“NC”) uses its proprietary Numbers Navigator™ tool set to determine the key financial drivers in SPI’s business model. NC gained a further understanding of SPI’s key business issues through a discovery session with management. NC provided Pate and his team with a comprehensive financial report that identified opportunities to drive more cash flow from the business.

RESULTS

Together, NC and SPI determined realistic and actionable strategies to realize improved cash flow quickly. To achieve this goal, NC provided:

  • A 20+ page financial report detailing key drivers in SPI’s business model,
  • A systematic cash flow forecasting model to provide SPI visibility into its future cash flow,
  • “What if” scenarios analyzed to understand the impact of different financial strategies,
  • Establish guiding principles for disciplined cash flow management process
  • A short-term planning tool to ensure resources and cash were allocated appropriately

“Although it sounds cliché, Numbers Coach and the Numbers Navigator™ truly changed our financial life!” explains Pate.  “The fact is, for many years we had little or no ability to perform high level “what-ifs” or projections of cash effects based on pulling different levers in the company.”

“I don’t know of another program quite like this one,” says Pate. “It doesn’t seem boilerplate or ‘canned.’  I think the most benefit is received by using the Navigator in conjunction with Numbers Coaching services to understand how to apply what is revealed by the report to our financial metrics.”

To learn more about Sierra Piedmont, visit www.sierrapiedmont.com

To learn more about the Numbers Coach financial leadership services, click here

How to Spot These 6 Financial Warning Signs and What They Mean

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If you read the headlines of national and local news, it is amazing that so many businesses are seemingly strong one day, and the next they are closing or filing for bankruptcy.

One of the many reasons this happens is that business owners and managers don’t pay attention (or don’t want to acknowledge) the financial warning signs that could have saved them. By the time the financial collapse starts, it’s often too late to change course.

6 Warning Signs You Can Look For

To help you spot these warning signs, here are the 6 financial red flags that we coach our clients to take action against:

  1. [The Most Telling Sign] Cash Holdings and Equity Are Lower Compared to the Previous Periods
    Take a look at your balance sheet and income statement to determine your overall cash holdings and equity (Assets-Liabilities). If your liabilities are higher, ask why.  Negotiate terms to lower credit rates, extend payment terms, etc. Involve other departments to determine how your business can operate more efficiently and cost-effectively. Discuss simple ways to increase revenue without significantly increasing overhead.
  2. Days in Accounts Receivable Increasing
    Many customers are pushing the envelope with their payment terms. Create a process for collecting outstanding receivables, and ratchet it up when customers start paying late. Customers often pay those vendors with strong systems, and delay payment to those suppliers who don’t have solid collections practices. This doesn’t mean that you won’t work with a long-standing customer who asks you for some flexibility. It does mean that you implement smart AR strategies such as late payment fees, outsourced collections help and credit reporting with clear communication and consistency.
  3. Not Enough Cash Flow for Accounts Payable
    Order in smaller quantities of goods/services from your suppliers. Talk to vendors to negotiate extended terms, leveraging your long-standing relationship and good business practices.  Use a credit card with 60-day terms to maximize the number of days to pay (make sure to review your credit card agreement and understand the terms). Search for discounts for paying within terms if your suppliers won’t stretch the terms. These strategies may not impact your cash flow immediately, but they can have an overall impact by improving your bottom line, since you are buying product or services at a lower price. Get a good handle on your inventory, turn rate, spoilage, sales trends, etc. so you actually buy smarter.
  4. Evaluate Profit Margins and Turnover Ratios
    We all know that decreasing profit margins are a bad sign, but they can’t be evaluated alone. Turnover ratios are also an important factor. Remember, mega grocery stores and warehouse clubs have low profit margins, but high turnover ratios that result in adequate net income and, more importantly, reasonable cash flow. The key is to look at both your profit margins and turnover rates together because how they interact will ultimately tell you how much cash has flowed into your bank account.
  5. Indirect Overhead Growing with Increase in Sales
    Take a hard look at operations. Are you running as efficiently as you could be? Are your employees productive or can they take on more responsibilities? There are more costs to adding employees than just salary, benefits and taxes. You have equipment, space, recruiting/training time, etc. for each employee you hire. The goal is to increase sales without increasing your fixed overhead. If you find there is nothing you can do to avoid increasing your fixed costs, you might need to re-evaluate your business strategy to determine how you can raise your profit margins to accommodate for your increase.
  6. Warning Signs Outside Your Business
    Every business should use and review a weekly dashboard that includes many of the warning sign financial metrics listed above: gross profit margin, average daily outstanding AR, inventory turns, days payable outstanding, available line of credit, operating profit margin, etc.  But ultimately, there are other warning signs that may not be on your dashboard.   Below is a story from a business who engaged a trusted advisor for an outside perspective.

 A Real-World Example of Heeding the Warning Signs

“Most people under-emphasize the available line of credit,” says Joe Dresnok, a consultant with Management Horizons. “The perfect storm for a company is a down economy, reduced sales and the inability to reduce overhead. When this happens, a company needs to access their credit lines to get through the tough times, and invest in other avenues to generate revenue.”

But during a slow economy, banks will reduce credit lines. One of Joe’s clients had a $300,000 line of credit, of which they had drawn down 1/3.  Joe and his team recommended the client draw down the rest of the credit line. Within 30 days, the bank came to give the “bad news” that they were reducing the company’s credit line to $100,000. The company was happy to report they had already tapped out all $300,000 of the original credit line. “In essence, they preserved $200,000, which translated to staying power.”  In this case, it was definitely worth the cost of that credit to preserve the line.

Each company has its own specific set of measurements (metrics) to help owners understand what to look out for in their financials. (Here are the 8 essential financial metrics we recommend tracking.)  This will at least give you the chance to prevent your company from embodying a quote from Ernest Hemingway:  When asked how one goes bankrupt, he said “Two ways:  Gradually, and then suddenly.”

Watch for the warning signs!

Do You Know What This Financial Warning Sign Could Mean For Your Business?

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Owners are often so immersed in the day-to-day details of their businesses that they can’t always see financial warning signs of tough times ahead. If you can’t see the warning signs, you can’t avoid the danger.

At the Numbers Coach, we teach business owners how to spot the warning signs. We closely monitor revenues, receivables and cash flows. These three figures are closely related. Businesses often struggle because of poor cash flow, which usually indicates declining revenues and/or slow collection of business receivables.

12/12 Rate of Change

One of my favorite tools to spot early financial warning signs of potential trouble is a chart called the 12/12 rate of change. During difficult economic conditions, I watch this rate of change closely. If I start to see it slip from 20 percent to 19 or 18 percent, we need to investigate why. If a business continues down that path for too long, the impact will be quite negative.

Let’s take revenues as a simple example. Each month, we calculate total revenues for the past 12 months and we compare it against the same figure for the prior year. Then, we calculate the rate of change from last year to this year. If last year’s 12-month revenue figure is $1 million and this year’s 12-month revenue figure is $1.2 million, we have a 20 percent rate of change. Perhaps you can’t change the revenue figure during tough times, because customers postpone the purchase of your product or service. In that event, it may be possible to lower your expenses and avoid losing money.

The 12/12 rate of change provides a long-term view of your business. It is very useful for spotting changes in a business trend, positive or negative, that have occurred during the past year.

12/12 Rate of Change for Fixed Overhead

To take the analysis a step further, I like to review the 12/12 rate of change for the fixed overhead of a business. It tends to be a leading indicator of future bottom-line results when combined with the 12/12 rate of change for revenues.

Fixed costs are those incurred whether you generate any revenue or not. They include rent and, for many service businesses, staff salaries and benefits.

Let’s imagine a business has a 12/12 rate of change for revenues that shows 5 percent growth. If the 12/12 rate of change for fixed overhead shows 10 percent growth, the business has a problem to address. The business is adding to its fixed overhead at a rate that exceeds top-line revenue growth. That’s a financial warning sign. Because of the long-term nature of the 12/12 rate of change, there is no need for immediate panic. However, if the situation is not remedied, it will pose a threat to the future health of the business.

To investigate further, I look at the trailing 12 months of revenues and fixed overhead expenses – not the rate of change, just gross dollar amounts. Is the revenue increasing or decreasing? We plot points on a graph to develop a clear trend line. We do the same for fixed overhead expenses. If, earlier in the year, you noticed an unhealthy rate of change trend and took corrective action, you can check your progress by reviewing the trailing 12. Using both metrics gives you a better read of the situation you face today.

What type of corrective action can you take? There are several possibilities, including increasing your sales, speeding up your collection cycle, or cutting expenses.  If you are not sure which path is best for your business, contact us for a free consultation.

An Environmental Services Firm Uses The Numbers Coach to Achieve Financial Results

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The Company

Sustainable Investment Group (“SIG”), founded by Charlie Cichetti and Jason Kiefer, provides sustainability services to commercial property owners.  SIG provides high quality services for LEED certification with commercial buildings.  A LEED certified building ensures the property uses sustainable activities to help protect our environment.  SIG offers LEED training, consulting, and engineering services domestically and internationally.  SIG has become an industry leader and expert in LEED practices.

Situation

In 2020 the SIG team wanted to enhance their financial management and reporting.  They were looking to create a platform to communicate the company’s key performance indicators (“KPI”) that drive its financial results.  In addition, the SIG team wanted a “road map” that could guide them as they made financial decisions impacting strategies for growth.

Solution: The Numbers Coach Leadership Service

The Numbers Coach (“NC”) financial leadership services were an ideal fit for developing SIG’s performance metrics.  NC developed a financial scorecard focusing financial drivers that give the team visibility into the profits and cash flow critical to sustained profitable growth.  The scorecard offers an “at a glance” view of results.  NC developed a financial model from its proprietary software the Numbers NavigatorTM that provides the road map for the SIG team to see where they were headed with profits and cash flow.  The model provides a rolling forecast during the year so that SIG team could make financial and operational decisions “on the go” to achieve their goals.

Results

NC pulled together financial and non-financial data to complete a customized scorecard and financial model.  Each month NC meets with the SIG team to methodically review results and provide the input and analysis from the Numbers NavigatorTM financial software.  Each monthly financial coaching meeting, the SIG team can take actions on activities that improve the company’s bottom line results.

For more information on Sustainable Investment Group visit www.sigearth.com

To learn more about the Numbers Coach financial leadership services, click here

“Mike has been an important part of our team.  His understanding of financial processes, cash flow, and how to explain our results gives our team the right tools to navigate our finances successfully and stay focused on our financial goals.”  

– Charlie Cichetti

Numbers Coach Helps Medical Firm Stay Financially Focused

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The Company

 Georgia Pain and Spine Care (“GPSC”), founded by Dr. Charles Brownlow in 2010, is a leading pain management medical services firm that provides comprehensive solutions to help restore each patient to their original lifestyle.  The company uses progressive approaches to pain management with education, counseling, and minimally invasive procedures.  Their mission is to relieve pain, increase productivity, and improve the quality of life for its patients using technologically advanced treatment regimens through is various metro Atlanta offices.

Situation

 In 2020 the GPSC team wanted to enhance their financial management and reporting capabilities.  They wanted to create a platform to communicate the company’s key performance indicators (“KPI”) and help educate its key team members on what drives its company’s financial results.  In addition, the GPSC team wanted a “road map” that could guide them as they made financial decisions impacting strategies for growth.

Solution: The Numbers Coach Financial Leadership Services

 The Numbers Coach (“NC”) financial leadership services were an ideal fit for developing GPSC’s performance metrics.  NC developed a financial scorecard to focus on the financial measurements that drive company profits and cash flow critical to sustained profitable growth.  The scorecard offers an “at a glance” view of results.  NC developed a financial model from its proprietary software the Numbers NavigatorTM .  The software provides a road map for the GPSC team to see where they are headed with profits and cash flow.  The software’s rolling financial forecast provides the GPSC team with a tool to make critical decisions “on the go” to achieve their desired results.

Results

NC pulled together financial and non-financial data to complete a scorecard and financial model.  Each month NC meets with the GPSC team to methodically review results and provide the input and analysis from the Numbers NavigatorTM financial software.  From the monthly financial coaching meetings, the GPSC team can take actions on activities that improve the company’s bottom line results.

For more information on Georgia Pain and Spine Care visit www.gapaincare.com

To learn more about the Numbers Coach financial leadership services, click here

“Mike has become an important part of our team.  His understanding of financial processes, cash flow, and approach to educating us on our results gives our team the right tools to help us understand how to navigate our finances successfully and stay focused on our financial goals.”  

Dr. Charles Brownlow, Founder / Medical Director
 

Why a Slow Economy Doesn’t Have to Mean Dire Straits for Your Business

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Is the slowing economy adversely affecting Atlanta’s businesses, or is it a great time to be in business?

Well that depends mostly on your recent revenues. But even if those are in reverse, a slowing economy can be a great time to take advantage of some opportunities and position your business to come out of the gate at full speed when the economy takes an upswing.

We wanted to hear what local professionals in finance and business had to say about the current state of affairs. CFO service provider Mike Iverson and Vistage Chair Tim Fulton had some good tips for bad times.

Cash is King

The first step to understanding how to make sure your glass is half full is to assess your financial situation and understand exactly how much cash and credit you have. Even if cash flow is good, “Now would be a good time to go the bank,” says Mike Iverson, CPA and Principal of Trillium Financial, “before the economy gets worse or your company financials get worse. Go to the bank and make clear why you want a line of credit and what you will use it for.” It’s important to be proactive when it comes to having the cash stores ready. If you wait until you need it, your statements probably won’t look as good, and the bank may decline a loan or line of credit. Planning ahead is always a good thing. “The key to survival in an economic downturn is to out perform the market, and accumulate cash”, says Tim Fulton, a Vistage International Group Chair which works with over 14,000 chief executives in 16 countries.

Another aspect of understanding your capital position is modeling. How long can your business last with a certain amount of decline? What will you do to make sure you can weather the storm and start growing again? Imagine the various scenarios – even the truly ugly ones – and devise solutions before they come to fruition. You’ll be able to think more clearly in the face of adversity if you have a battle plan and, again, a line of credit to back you up. This doesn’t mean that you have to focus on the worst case scenario, just plan for it, then focus on your everyday business.

Modeling the tough situations is especially important if you are in a cyclical business; for example, the automotive industry. When the economy hits the skids, the average car dealership will probably see sales decline rapidly. Managers must have enough cash reserves to ride out the storm, and to pay for overhead and inventory so they can still be in business a year from now.

If you are a manufacturer, or a company that manages a lot of inventory, be mindful of your production capacity. You don’t want to continue to run at full capacity and end up with an overstock. Go to your clients and continually measure what they anticipate ordering from you in the next two to three months. For production purposes, you might have to scale back so the inventory on hand can be used, and not end up obsolete. On the positive side, manufacturers are usually the first to see orders are picking up. They’re not necessarily the canary in the mine shaft, but these businesses tend to provide a leading indicator.

The Positives of Slower Times

Once your cash situation is well-positioned, the glass is definitely half full. Now is the perfect time to expand your business through capital investments such as acquiring a struggling competitor. You can often take advantage of businesses being sold at fire-sale prices.

“When the economy bottoms out, there will be an abundance of great investment opportunities,” says Fulton. “The business owner with cash will be in a strong position to take advantage of these opportunities.”

Companies with cash can also get the upper hand over competitors by investing in the introduction of new products and in new technology that other business can’t afford. “If you can do any of these things”, says Iverson, “you’ll be in a different place than your competitors because you will be nine to twelve months ahead of them.  You will have something to offer customers that your competitors cannot.”

Companies who differentiate themselves in this way will be growing when everyone else is declining. Constantly look at opportunities to grow with products and services that will serve others struggling with hard economic times and continue to help them through good economic times,” says Iverson.

Another way to grow through a slowing economy is to ramp up marketing. While other companies cut their marketing budgets, Fulton recommends against this instinct. “Be very, very focused in your marketing strategies. This is not a time to be spending a lot of money on broad branding efforts. It is a time to be laser-focused on acquiring new clients and retaining profitable existing clients,” he says.

Iverson agrees. “Marketing is the last place you should cut back,” he says. “Marketing initiatives are priming the pump to create your sales engine. If you cut back on that, you cut back on future sales and opportunities. If everyone else cuts back on marketing, you will stand out even more, possibly turning that half-full cup to overflowing.”

Keep the Boat Afloat: Strategies for Securing Your Finances Through A Global Pandemic Storm

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By Michael Iverson

We are in an unprecedented time – one that is impacting most businesses in the United States and the world. And there’s no telling what the fallout will look like or even how long social distancing and company shutdowns will continue.

As a numbers coach for my business clients, many of them are asking for advice and guidance during this volatile and unpredictable time. I assure them that as a business owner or leader, a number of financial factors remain under their control. Here’s what I’m emphasizing:

Lead where you can: Communicate and Be Flexible

Change and uncertainty are all around us right now: How long shutdowns and isolating will last, the long-term macro- and micro-economic impact of this crisis on businesses, families, and communities around the world, or whether people will regret buying a year’s worth of toilet paper are unknown. We have little to no control over most of this.

What you can control is how you react.

No one knows exactly what to do – and that’s OK. Your strategic decisions can keep your company afloat through this crisis.

Communication: Transparent and honest communication isn’t a new concept, but it is more important now than ever. Explain to employees, customers, and other stakeholders that, like everyone else, your business is experiencing the ramifications of the coronavirus. Explain your challenges and your high-level strategy to overcome them. Everyone is more likely to empathize if you communicate honestly and authentically. The health and safety of your employees is the most important priority.

Keep the communication flowing – ask where they’re struggling the most, and where you can help. Offer a free brainstorming session. Remember – your goal is to maintain the relationship so it can grow after this crisis passes.

Flexibility:  As you’re asking for flexibility from your clients and employees, consider offering some in return. I always encourage my clients to have a 3- to 6-month cash reserve. Times like these are why you held that money. Offer customers a modified payment plan or if you can relax payment terms for products or services like ongoing license support or maintenance.

For employees, be flexible with time, productivity and deliverable expectations. People’s daily lives have been upended, from homeschooling and supervising children to caring for sick family members. And for the most part, they want to do their best for you while figuring out their situation. Consider staggered or flexible work schedules. Relax deliverable dates where possible.

If you have employees with a lighter workload during this time, give them the opportunity to shine when others are overwhelmed. Maybe ask for a volunteer to provide updated COVID-19 information both medical and financial. Dedicate someone to helping employees take advantage of cost- and time-saving benefits such as telemedicine, wellness programs, and EAP offerings.

But also remember as crucial as communication is, too much information, repeating the same message with minor tweaks, or asking employees to be constantly online or send hourly updates are all examples of actions that could provoke burnout and deeper anxiety. Remember, we’re all getting corona-related messages from companies we haven’t heard from in years. We’re all figuring out this out together. Don’t unnecessarily add to the cacophony.

Pivoting to new operational models

With office and business closures, we’ve shifted to working almost entirely online. Engage customers and prospects virtually through platforms like WeChat, Zoom, Skype. For those with whom you haven’t engaged with this way, the novelty may actually open doors. Use email lists and social media analytics to reach new leads. Try apps like Trello or Monday or dig out that intranet project you’ve been putting off, to organize and detail projects so everyone is working together.

Prioritize initiatives that require less capital, less risk, and have a proven positive impact on cash flow. It is possible to continue to operate debt free and maintain access to capital. For more cash preservation guidance, check out the “Preserving Cash in Uncertain Times” article I published last week.

If your company’s situation is looking dire and you’re considering layoffs, consider looking into a four- or even three-day work week to reduce costs. If employees are sitting on the bench due to loss of client work or decrease in demand, ask if they could use their PTO now or agree to work half time or take unpaid leave. Look into emerging government programs to cover salaries. The Cares Act is landmark legislation passed on March that has several key programs:

  • Paycheck Protection Program Loan with a forgiveness provision
  • Economic Injury Disaster Loan program as part of the Small Business Administration
  • Employer 6.2% payroll tax deferral program
  • The Unemployment supplemental insurance program

The following link provides more detail on the programs and what is offered:  COVID-Bill-3-Summary

If you need to consider across-the-board pay cuts, keep them in direct relation to job positions. Start first with voluntary cuts. Some employees are looking for ways to help others who can’t afford a pay cut. For example, the CEO should lead by example and take the largest pay cut, the highest paid employees take the next highest cut, and so on down the line.

Finally, if you haven’t already, postpone all travel and make every effort to allow employees to work from home.
Negotiate with vendors, who are undoubtedly making changes of their own. Look for extraneous expenses to eliminate, and lower cost alternatives to conventional advertising. Look into whether your insurance coverage can help. Leave no stone unturned when looking at ways to conserve cash.

Learn, grow, breathe. We’ll get through this!

It may be the last thing you want to think about, but now is the time to take note of practices that will prevent repeating mistakes in the future.

Take notes. If you didn’t have a solid disaster recovery plan ready this time, prepare one for the future using knowledge you acquired during the COVID-19 pandemic.

And no matter how brilliant and detailed your plan is, expect things to continue to go awry. When this happens, stop, take a few deep breaths, remember your training, focus on the end goal, and make the most rational decisions possible.

If you’re looking for more guidance, I’m happy to talk. Give me a call at (404) 353-2148 or email me. I’m here to help.

With hope, gratitude, and cooperation, it won’t be long before we turn our TVs, smart phones, and laptops on and see nary a mention of pandemics.  Until then, stay safe and be well!

Do You Know Your ROCE?

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How Measuring Your Return on Capital Employed is Critical for Financial Health

There are so many ways to measure a company’s financial success: profit margin, return on equity, and return on invested capital.

Return On Capital Employed (ROCE) is a lesser known but equally important financial indicator. ROCE is especially useful for evaluating your company’s macro level financials or other companies to invest in. It’s essential because it goes beyond simple profit margins to specifically assess how well a company runs, conducts its business, and returns value to investors.

ROCE is the total of a firm’s assets and revenues minus current liabilities. The ROCE ratio is simple:

Return on Capital Employed = Earnings Before Interest and Tax (EBIT)/Capital Employed

The higher the result of the formula, the more efficiently a company is utilizing its capital. If a company’s ROCE has gone up since last year or in the last few years, it indicates a company is going in the right direction. At a minimum, ROCE should exceed the cost of capital (financing costs), or the company can find itself in a bad financial state.

ROCE is especially useful in comparing how different companies in the same industry leverage their capital, particularly in capital-intense industries like energy, auto, and telecommunications that habitually hold a large amount of debt.

Don’t confuse ROCE with ROE (return on equity), even though both are profitability ratios that measure a company’s profitability as related to funds invested. ROE takes profits generated from shareholders’ equity into consideration, as opposed to ROCE, which uses all capital employed including the company’s debt.

ROCE percentage is one of the tools for judging the performance of managers and how effectively they are running a business. It’s a good idea to look at the industry average and the ROCE of competing companies.  The ROCE percentage is one of the few metrics that does allow you to compare across industries and within your industry.

If employed capital is not given in financial statement notes, it can be calculated by subtracting current liabilities from total assets. Watch for poor quality profits, such as the sale of expensive equipment that can’t be repeated regularly, as these can create an artificially high ROCE. Other factors such as leasing versus purchasing equipment can also lead to a slightly higher ROCE.

Despite the value of evaluating a company’s ROCE, it should not be the only factor used for an accurate assessment of financial stability; other probability ratios certainly contribute to the whole picture.  However, knowing your ROCE percentage is important metric for a business owner to keep track.  Your ROCE percentage provides the business owner the return they are getting on their investment in the company.

If you want to learn your ROCE percentage, feel free to reach out to Mike to get a free template at Mike@trilliumfinancial.com.

Small Business Matters: “The Importance of Financial Management”

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In this episode of the “Small Business Matters” podcast, Numbers Coach Mike Iverson discusses the importance of careful financial management for the long-term survival of your business:

How ABC can Help with Your 123s

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by Anne Moore Odell

Sometimes, it can feel like your hands are tied when it comes to costs—everything from rent and salaries to materials. As you closely examine every line of your company’s income statements looking for ways to cut costs and grow profits, pay particular attention to direct and indirect costs as two levers you can adjust to maximize revenues.

Smart companies are figuring out which indirect and direct costs are fundamental to their operations, which activities can be outsourced, and which can be done away with altogether. Activity-based costing (ABC) is a powerful method for computing indirect and direct costs, to help you determine precisely where money is being spent and made.

Defining Direct and Indirect Costs

Simply defined, direct costs vary with your sales while indirect costs do not vary directly with changes in sales. Explains Mike Iverson, Numbers Coach, “If you don’t sell a widget, your direct cost isn’t there, but if you don’t sell a widget, you still have indirect costs.”  Direct and indirect costs are sometimes also referred to as variable vs. fixed cost.

Direct costs can be logically connected to the creation of a product or the completion of a service. These costs can include materials and labor. It is even possible to calculate the exact cost of the materials used to create one unit of a product and the amount of labor necessary.

Indirect costs are the bucket into which the other costs of doing business are dropped, including rent, marketing, sales, accounting and executive costs. Indirect costs are more difficult to connect to the cost of your product and service. For example, if you make three product lines, it is very difficult to directly correlate the salary of the receptionist to a unit of product.

“Indirect costs, sometimes referred to as overhead, are controlled using a combination of vendor contracts, vigilant operators and timely financial reports,” says Bob Wagner, President of NetFinancials, Inc. headquartered in Atlanta. “We have one operator that paid a substantial amount for on-going repairs and maintenance expense. Most of the repair expense has been consolidated in a single vendor, which the operator monitors very closely using the budgeting feature in the financial reports that we provide.”


ABC Tracks and Applies Actions to Accounting

Activity-based costing (“ABC”) can help you understand and manage costs by looking at every activity in a business, and then assigning the cost of the activity to the product created. This makes it possible to designate more costs as direct versus lumping costs into indirect.

Iverson says that with ABC companies need to ask, “What activities do I engage in to make this product and how can I allocate my burden to that product?” In this model, companies examine which activities are driving both direct and indirect costs. Instead of lumping all indirect costs an indirect cost pool, activity-based accounting allocates and tracks expenses as they occur by activity.

“Activities-based accounting can get to the nitty-gritty of WHY you are incurring the cost in the first place,” says Iverson.

For example, assume Widget Company audits their client’s freight bills as their service.  The freight bills are received electronically directly from the client’s freight carrier vendor.  Widget Company has an Information Technology Department (“IT”) that maintains the computers and equipment which perform the audit of the client freight bills.  Can IT costs get allocated?  If so, how?  Widget Company using ABC determined that the maintenance and repair of the computers and equipment occurred based on the use of the equipment, in other words the volume of transactions getting audited by the systems.  Based on how many freight transactions were audited (the “activity”) Widget Company determined the best allocation of the IT maintenance and repairs expense was based on the number of audited freight bill transactions.  The allocation using ABC enabled Widget Company to a better picture of profitability by client.

Working with Costs in Real Time

Reviewing your income statements shouldn’t be just a quarterly or annual activity it should be monthly so that you can find ways to manage and limit expenses. One proven method of cutting both indirect and direct costs is following them as they occur.  “Accurate, timely financial statements and reports are essential in giving management the information they need to manage their direct costs,” explains Wagner. “With the speed of today’s business, only real-time reports give managers the feedback they need to manage costs.”

Wagner gives as an example the weekly report his company delivers to clients. Sales, cost of sales, banking, credit card and payroll data are obtained in real time using scanners, email and high-speed Internet. Weekly reports are prepared within 48 hours of receiving the data, ensuring that managers stay informed and on top of their operations.

Let us know how we can help you with ABC in your company.

What Is the Balanced Scorecard? (And Why Should You Care?)

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By Michael Iverson

If a business advisor told you that more than half of the largest U.S. corporations used a particular management tool, chances are pretty good that you would be interested in using it for your business.   The balanced scorecard is, in fact, widely used by America’s largest companies. Editors of the Harvard Business Review named it one of the most influential business ideas of the past 75 years.

The purpose of the balanced scorecard is alignment of strategy with the daily activities of a business.  It was introduced as a performance measurement framework in the 1990s by two business professors — Drs. Robert Kaplan and David Norton. The idea is to augment traditional financial business metrics with strategic, non-financial performance measurements. In combination, the two very different kinds of measurements provide a more balanced view of a company’s performance, especially its progress toward achieving long-term, strategic objectives.

A Change of Focus

The balanced scorecard attempts to address a long-time shortcoming of U.S. businesses – their focus on attainment of quarterly earnings goals, while paying too little attention to building long-term value. By focusing on near-term earnings, which are easily measurable, American businesses often neglect investment in intangibles, the returns of which are more difficult to measure.

Focusing on past events causes companies to under-invest in important areas like product and process innovation, building and retaining employee skills, and improving customer satisfaction levels.  These intangibles contribute significantly to the long-term value of a business.  Companies create future value by investing in customers, suppliers, employees, processes, technology and innovation – the intangibles that matter today.

Companies can only improve management of their intangible assets if they integrate measurement of those intangibles into their management systems. This notion led to development of a management tool for describing, communicating and implementing strategy – the balanced scorecard.

The scorecard envisions a company’s Vision and Strategy at the center of a continuous feedback loop, surrounded by four perspectives, each with its own business metrics. A company collects and analyzes data relative to each perspective.

The Learning & Growth Perspective

Employee training, individual growth and company-wide improvement are hallmarks of great companies. Employees who embrace technological advances and mentoring become more productive. Their collective knowledge significantly enhances the company’s value.

The Business Process Perspective

Managers need to know how well the business is performing based on its internal processes. Are the internal processes allowing the company to produce quality products and services, while achieving incremental improvement? The metrics for this perspective are unique to each business and should be designed by managers who are intimately aware of both internal processes and customer needs.

The Customer Perspective

Perhaps the most important management concept of recent years is the realization that meeting, if not exceeding, customer expectations is a leading indicator of business success. Customers whose expectations are met or exceeded become extremely loyal, building business value. When expectations are not met, customers begin to look for other suppliers.

The Financial Perspective

Traditional financial analysis does provide useful information. Kaplan and Norton suggest that it is most useful when it encompasses risk assessment and cost-benefit measurements, and when it is balanced by data from the other three perspectives.

If you would like help in creating a balanced scorecard for your business, just give us a call at (404) 353-2148 or send us an email, and we will be happy to help!

Understanding Your Financial Story: The Numbers Coach’s Numbers Navigator

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I have heard many times that business owners feel that their financial statements are written in a foreign language or that their financials feel like peering into a big black box uncertain what it truly contains.  Others describe it as a fog where they see the outline of their business but it’s not clear how to navigate the rugged coastline.

Often a business owner will understand the income statement and the fact that if you have a positive number at the bottom of the report, it’s good.  The bigger the better!  But then I hear, “wow I had a good year but I don’t have any cash left to pay my bills or make other investments.”

Your financial story has two sides to it, not just one.  It has the income statement plus the balance sheet.  Your balance sheet story is important because if you don’t manage it properly, it can “rob Peter”- the income statement, to “pay Paul”- the balance sheet.  How you manage your working capital will ultimately tell you how much cash is left in your bank account.

Before we go further, let’s define key components of working capital that drive cash flow.  In most companies Accounts Receivable, Inventory, and Accounts Payable are key cash flow working capital components.  How you manage these three key balance sheet accounts determines how much cash is left over.  Simply put, you want to have the shortest payment terms possible for your customers (Accounts Receivable) and you want the longest payment terms possible to pay your vendors (Accounts Payable).   For your inventory, you want to turn it over quickly and not let it sit in your warehouse gathering dust.

By connecting the financial story of the income statement to the financial story of the balance sheet, you can effectively see how cash flow is generated and how much of it you get to keep.

The Numbers Coach’s (“NC”) Numbers Navigator™ helps lift the fog and navigates you to the safety of the harbor where your company can see how to re-fuel and get back out on the high seas of commerce.  Through Trillium’s financial coaching and data gathering process, we gain an understanding of the business model and its drivers to effectively recommend actions best suited for a company to increase cash flow.

NC’s Financial Coaching services and Numbers Navigator™ helped Prominent Placement, Inc. (“PPI”) learn what financial drivers would help the business generate more cash flow and achieve several key financial goals.  Click on the following link to learn more about how NC’s Numbers Navigator™ can help you:  Numbers Navigator™

“Understanding the financial end of my business has always been my weakest area.  After working with a variety of other financial advisors over the years, Mike Iverson was finally able to explain my own company’s financial data to me in a way that really made sense.  He has educated me on how decisions we make all year long will impact our cash flow at the end of the year (and every day).  I feel like, after nearly a decade in business, someone has finally shined a flashlight into our numbers so that I can really see and understand them.  I feel much more in control.”

Stacy Williams
Prominent Placement, Inc.